Support destructuring in match arms:
- Tuple: (a, b) binds subject._0 / _1
- Struct: Point { x: px, y: py } and shorthand Point { x, y }
Bootstrap: matchPatternBindings for pkTuple/pkStruct; register local
tuple typedefs from function bodies. Selfhost: parse, Sema_BindPattern,
Lcx_PatternBindings with scope defines. Fix operator-overload path that
crashed when typeName was null after pattern binds.
Example: examples/struct_tuple_pat.bux. Selfhost-loop IDENTICAL.
Upgrade bux-lsp to 0.2.0 with a richer lightweight symbol index:
func signatures, typed let/var/const, struct/enum/interface/type/module.
Skip comments and strings while scanning. Hover shows markdown Bux
code fences; definition resolves in-file and across workspace .bux files;
documentSymbol provides outline. Fix responses writing to stdout (stdin
was a broken pipe). didChange refreshes symbols; diagnostics still run
via buxc on open/save.
Sessions 10–12 from QUALITY_PLAN:
- Pattern payload bindings (Some(value) => value) in bootstrap and selfhost
- Empty-param closures via || (tkPipePipe) with loop/return bodies
- Expression-form match: let x = match …; newline before arms
- f"…" string interpolation desugared to String_Concat + conversions
- Lexer preserves \{ \} for literal braces in f-strings
- Bootstrap fix: f"plain" strips the f prefix after escape processing
- Examples: pattern_matching, closure_control, match_let, string_interp
Selfhost-loop remains binary-identical; all examples and error goldens pass.
Lower match to if-else for literals, ranges, enum tags, and wildcards.
Fix bootstrap literal arms that always matched; port real arm AST/parser
and Lcx_LowerMatch to selfhost with last-expression return. Expand
pattern_matching example and add parse/use-after-move/double-mut golden
diagnostics. Selfhost-loop remains binary-identical.
Add int-specialized higher-order Iter helpers that accept fat function
pointers, plus an example using named funcs and capturing closures.
Fix selfhost C backend pointer field access and Array Push indexing.
Introduce fat function pointers (BuxFn {code, env}) so capturing closures
are heap-allocated per value in both bootstrap and selfhost. Expand
Array/Map/Set/String/Test/Result APIs, add proper tuple codegen and
error snippets with multi-char underlines, golden diagnostic tests, and
LSP diagnostics via buxc check.
- sema: range bounds now accept compatible integer types (e.g. int..uint)
instead of requiring exact type equality.
- hir_lower: derive loop variable type from the common range type.
- boko-framework: replace manual while loops with for loops in Query_Parse,
Request_Parse, Path_Match and App_Run.
- Rewrite apps/nexus with modular architecture:
Config, Http, Errors, Parser, Router, Handlers, Server, Main
- Use algebraic enums for ParseResult/FileResult/HttpError
- Thread-pool server via Channel<ConnectionTask> and spawn
- Fix C backend type ordering for generic struct instances
(Array_T, Iter_T) and algebraic enum struct payloads
- Collect Slice_T types from struct fields and enum payloads
- Fix match lowering for simple enums (direct value compare)
- Resolve match expression return type from first arm
- Infer element type for for-in over Array<UserStruct>
- Preserve generic type args in field access resolution
- Add fflush to PrintLine/Print for immediate server logs
- Add modern_features golden regression test
- Regenerate golden expected.c files
- Extend Lcx_BuildAutoDropFree to detect TypeName_Drop methods
registered by sema for extend Type for Drop impl blocks.
- Preserve existing @[Drop] attribute path and move semantics.
- Add design doc and implementation plan.
- Mark Destructors/Drop roadmap item done in selfhost.
- Export typeToTypeExpr from sema and preserve generic type args
- Derive loop variable type from collection element type in sema
- Substitute generic struct type params on field access
- Add getCollectionElementTypeExpr helper in hir_lower
- Replace placeholder collection for-in lowering
- Add Array/Iter lowering: Array_Iter_T / Iter_HasNext_T / Iter_Next_T
- Add Channel lowering: Channel_Recv_Ok_T loop
- Register loop variable in varTypeExprs before body lowering
Fixes _test_forin_stdlib, _test_forin_channel, _test_generic_trait, _test_import, _test_mono
- Preserve type args on tkNamed in resolveType
- Resolve explicit generic call return types with concrete substitutions
- Substitute method type params when looking up operator_index_get
- Skip strict arg checks for generic function calls (deferred to inference)
- Fix generic struct monomorphization when no caller substitution map exists
- Fix parameter varTypeExprs ordering so pointer params are visible in bodies
Fixes _test_drop_trait and _test_checked_index
- Add -Wl,--build-id=none to C compilation flags (removes non-deterministic build ID)
- Update Makefile selfhost-loop to strip debug info before ELF comparison
- Bootstrap compiler and selfhost compiler both deterministic
- @[Release] disables borrow checking and bounds checking in the function
- --release passes -O3 -flto to the C compiler for optimized builds
- Selfhost loop still deterministic
- Parse --target flag in Cli_Run before command dispatch
- Pass targetTriple through Cli_Build, Cli_BuildProject, Cli_RunProject
- Use clang with -target when cross-compiling, cc otherwise
- Selfhost loop: C output identical
Also fix runtime scheduler bugs:
- g_task_creating was thread-local but set on main thread and read on worker
- g_scheduler_context was global shared by all workers instead of per-thread
- Auto-drop now only triggers for user-defined types explicitly marked
with @[Drop] on the struct declaration.
- Added move tracking in C backend to skip auto-drop for variables
that have been moved (via let y = x, return x, or assignment).
- Prevents double-free when ownership is transferred.
- Selfhost bootstrap loop verified: C output is deterministic.
- lib/Drop.bux: interface Drop { func Drop(self: *Self); }
- sema.bux: define TypeName_MethodName in scope for impl block methods
so auto-drop (Lcx_BuildAutoDropFree) can find Drop implementations
via extend Type for Drop, not just @[Drop] or standalone functions
- Verified: extend Buffer for Drop auto-calls Buffer_Drop in @[Checked]
- ast.bux: add isDrop field to Decl
- parser.bux: parse @[Drop] attribute and attach to struct Decls
- hir_lower.bux: auto-drop now looks for TypeName_Drop for any type
- Test: _test_drop_user verifies Buffer_Drop is auto-called
- Auto-register func Type_Method(self: T, ...) as methods in sema.
- Add method table lookup for binary operators in sema.bux ekBinary.
- Add method table lookup for operator_index_get in sema.bux ekIndex.
- Add HIR lowering for binary operators to method calls in hir_lower.bux.
- Add HIR lowering for operator_index_get/set in hir_lower.bux.
- Set expr.refType for overloaded operators so chained ops work.
- Fix hir_lower.bux to recognize Array_int/Iter_string etc. in for-in loops
by checking Array_/Iter_ prefix outside the empty-elemTypeName branch.
- Update all golden expected.c files to include duplicate bux_bounds_check
declaration (matches actual C codegen).
- Remove duplicate Drop trait item from ROADMAP.md.
- Add lib/Slice.bux with Slice<T> generic struct
- Fix C backend to recognize Slice/Slice* as generic types
- Use var instead of let for uninitialized Slice<T> locals
- Selfhost loop passes, tests pass
In @[Checked] functions, variables of type Array<T> automatically get
a defer Array_Free_T(&var) injected at declaration site. This ensures
Array values are freed when they go out of scope, preventing leaks.
Implementation:
- HIR lowering detects Array_<T> types in skLet statements
- Generates Array_Free_T generic instance if needed
- Builds synthetic defer node: defer Array_Free_T(&var)
- Wraps let+defer in hBlock for proper statement chaining
Also adds checkedFunc flag to HirFunc and CEmitter for future use.
Mark as done:
- for x in collection iterator loops
- Trait bounds (T: Comparable)
- CTFE (compile-time const evaluation)
- Selfhost bootstrap loop (deterministic C output)
- Implicit generic type argument inference
- cli: buxc2 build now delegates to Cli_BuildProject for src/Main.bux,
enabling stdlib merging (Array_Iter, Iter_HasNext, etc. available)
- sema: set expr.refType on ekCall from function return type
(needed for for-loop type extraction from MakeArr()-style expressions)
- hir_lower: remove ekIdent restriction on collection-based for loops
- supports arbitrary expressions: for x in MakeArr() { ... }
- creates temp variable __tmp_coll_N for non-identifier iterators
- generates proper Array_T struct instances for temp variables
- Test: for x in MakeArr() sums [10,20,30] → 60
- Selfhost loop: C output IDENTICAL
- parser: extend-for only linked first 2 methods; now uses lastMethod pointer
- sema: trait bounds checking was after indirect-call early return (tyFunc path),
so Max<Circle>(...) skipped bounds check when callee had tekFunc refType.
Moved bounds check before both indirect/direct call returns.
- Negative test: Circle without Comparable impl now correctly errors.
- Selfhost loop: C output IDENTICAL.
- Fix Fmt_Format name conflict between lib/Fmt.bux and src/fmt.bux
by renaming selfhost formatter function to Fmt_FormatSource.
- Fix collection-based for-in loops to handle already-monomorphized
types like Array_int and Iter_string (typeArgCount=0 cases).
- Fix ekSizeOf and ekCast in HIR lowering to apply Lcx_SubstituteType
during generic monomorphization, so sizeof(T) and *T casts emit
correct concrete types in C output.
- Fix sema to infer stmt.refStmtType from initializer expression
when no explicit type annotation is given, ensuring C backend
emits correct pointer types for let data = ... as *T.
- Fix nested Lcx_GenerateStructInstance overwriting parent slot by
incrementing structCount BEFORE field processing
- Fix Lcx_LowerModule to skip generic structs from hm.structs (was missing
continue due to bootstrap compiler codegen limitation)
- Fix C backend to forward-declare ALL structs at top, removing second
generic-only forward declaration section that came too late
- Add empty-name guard in CBE_EmitStructDef
- Import system: parser supports ::* glob imports, sema two-pass resolution
- Add on-demand generic function/struct monomorphization in HIR lower
- Lcx_SubstituteType: substitute type params and mangle names (e.g. Array<int> -> Array_int)
- Lcx_GenerateFuncInstance: clone generic func with active substitution
- Lcx_GenerateStructInstance: create concrete struct definitions
- Detect generic calls (ekCall) and struct inits (ekStructInit)
- Parser: propagate generic type args from ident to ekStructInit node
- Fix duplicate HIR constant: hIndexPtr and hCall both had value 18,
causing index expressions to emit as comma expressions in C backend
- Implement collection-based for-in desugaring:
for x in arr { body } -> __iter = Array_Iter_T(&arr);
while Iter_HasNext_T(&__iter) { x = Iter_Next_T(&__iter); body }
Selfhost loop remains deterministic. All golden tests and examples pass.
- Parser: add parseRange for selfhost (.. / ..=)
- Sema: determine loop variable type from range bounds
- HIR Lower: desugar range for-in to while loop with counter
- Bootstrap sema: fix range-based for variable type (was unknown)
- Selfhost loop remains deterministic
- Mark capture-less closures as ✅ Done in ROADMAP
- Add closure syntax examples to LanguageRef.md Functions section
- Update PHASE8_STRATEGY.md Milestone A with closures
Implement MVP closures — anonymous functions without captures.
Syntax:
|a: int, b: int| -> int { return a + b; }
Changes:
- ast.bux + ast.nim: add ekClosure AST node
- parser.bux + parser.nim: parse |params| -> Ret { body }
- sema.bux + sema.nim: type-check closure params/body, return tyFunc
- hir_lower.bux + hir_lower.nim: generate __closure_N function + hAddrOf
- lir_c_backend.nim: fix function-pointer variable declaration (cParamDecl)
- C backend: closures compile to global functions with unique names
Test: _test_closure/src/Main.bux
- Closure as variable
- Closure passed to higher-order function
- Address of named function as function pointer
Both bootstrap and selfhost compilers build and pass the test.
Updated documentation to reflect changes from the last 2 days:
ROADMAP.md:
- Mark string interpolation, named/default params, bux fmt/test/new/init,
and basic borrow checker as ✅ Done
- Update Recommended Order (next: closures)
PHASE8_STRATEGY.md:
- Update date, achievements, and milestone statuses
- Borrow checker is now ✅ working in selfhost
- CTFE, LSP, formatter, test runner marked done where applicable
LanguageRef.md:
- Add defer, switch/case, string interpolation (f"...")
- Add &T, &mut T, own T to composite types
- Add named/default parameters and operator overloading sections
- Expand @[Checked] rules with double-mut-borrow and use-after-move
- Update keywords and operators
STRATEGY.md:
- Update date and version (0.3.0 selfhost)
- Mark 8.2 borrow checker, 8.4 CTFE, 8.7 LSP as ✅
BuildAndTest.md:
- Add bux init, bux fmt, bux test commands
- Expand test sections with golden tests and Std::Test
Line-based indentation formatter that:
- Adjusts indentation based on { } brace depth (4 spaces)
- Preserves original line structure and comments
- Skips braces inside string/char literals and // comments
- Handles } at line start and mixed brace lines
- 'bux fmt <file>' formats a single file
- 'bux fmt <dir>' formats all .bux files in directory
- Add inline movedName0..7 fields to Sema (avoids dynamic allocation issues)
- Sema_AddMoved: track variable moves from let/var init expressions
- Sema_IsMoved: check if variable was moved before use
- Sema_RemoveMoved: clear moved status on reinitialization (x = value)
- Report 'use of moved value' error for moved variable access
Detect when the same variable is passed as &mut argument twice
in a single function call (e.g. Swap(&x, &x)) inside checked functions.
Matches bootstrap sema.nim behavior (lines 1078-1089).
- Add tekRef and tekMutRef to TypeExpr enum (ast.bux)
- Parse &T and &mut T in parserParseType, before *T handling (parser.bux)
- Map tekRef/tekMutRef to tyPointer in HIR lowering (hir_lower.bux)
- Both emit as T* in C backend (same as raw pointer)
- Borrow checker rejects write-through-pointer in @[Checked] functions
for all pointer types (safe default)
- Add isChecked field to Decl struct (ast.bux)
- Parse @[Checked] attribute in parserParseDecl (parser.bux)
- Add checkedFunc flag and movedVars to Sema struct (sema.bux)
- Enable borrow checking per-function in Sema_Analyze
- Reject assignment through raw pointer (*T) in @[Checked] functions
- Skip newlines between @[Checked] attribute and the declaration keyword
to avoid parser seeing the attribute and function as separate decls
- 'bux test [dir]' builds the project and runs the resulting binary,
reporting 'Tests passed' or 'Tests failed (exit code N)'.
- Builds on existing Cli_BuildProject pipeline — test code goes in
src/ alongside production code; test assertions use lib/Test.bux.
- 'buxc new <name>': creates a new Bux project directory with bux.toml
and src/Main.bux. Supports both relative names and absolute paths.
- 'buxc init': initializes a Bux project in the current directory.
- Adds extern bux_getcwd() and bux_path_parent() declarations.
- Fix mkdir return value check (bux_mkdir_if_needed returns 0 on success).
- Extract package name from path for absolute path arguments.
Add golden tests for: structs, generics, algebraic_enums, enums,
methods, strings. Each test captures the expected C output from the
bootstrap compiler for regression detection.
Also remove leftover 'PARSER FIX V2 ACTIVE' debug print from parser.bux.
- Create child scope in Sema_CheckBlock for every block, matching
bootstrap sema.nim behavior (newScope for ekBlock).
- Fixes "var scoping bug in selfhost sema" where variables declared
with var inside if/while blocks shared parent function scope, causing
duplicate-definition errors between sibling if/else blocks, and C
scoping mismatch between user variables and compiled output.
- Remove stale workaround comments from lib/Json.bux (let instead of
var inside if blocks — no longer needed).
- Update sema.bux TODO comment for type table.
- Remove DEBUG prints from c_backend.bux, hir_lower.bux, lexer.bux, parser.bux
- Remove HACK for stray } in parserParseFuncDecl (no longer needed after
Decl refactor in 4a86009)
- Clean selfhost check/build output
- Replace Decl's 256 inline struct fields with dynamic fields: *StructField
array to avoid parser field limit truncation and name shifts.
- Update parser.bux and hir_lower.bux to use decl.fields[i].
- Fix uninitialized Symbol.refType in three stack-allocated Symbol sites:
loopSym (for-loop iterator), vSym (enum variants), and HIR param sym.
Garbage refType values (e.g. 0xFF) were leaking into scope tables,
later copied to expr->refType, causing SIGSEGV in Lcx_LowerExpr.
- Add tekFunc AST node and TypeExprList linked list for params
- Parse func(T, U) -> R syntax in parser.bux
- Resolve tekFunc to tyFunc in sema.bux
- Track original TypeExpr via Symbol.refType for params/lets/consts/funcs
- Build C function-pointer type names in hir_lower.bux (Ret (*)(Params))
- Lower indirect calls through function-typed values as hCallIndirect
- Add CBE_CParamDecl helper in c_backend.bux to embed name inside (*)
- Emit hCallIndirect and function-pointer variable declarations
- _test_funcptr now builds and runs with selfhost buxc2
- Add tekFunc AST node and parser support for func(Params) -> Ret
- Add tkFunc type resolution in sema and hir_lower
- Add &FuncName address-taking yielding tkMutRef(tkFunc)
- Fix C emission: function pointer params use Ret (*name)(Params) syntax
via cParamDecl helper that embeds the name inside (*)
- Fix forward declarations and temp declarations for function pointers
- Add funcPtrTypes table in C backend so &Fn temps get proper type
- Add _test_funcptr integration test
Bootstrap compiler:
- ast.nim: add exprCallArgNames to ekCall for named arg tracking
- parser.nim: detect name: value syntax in call args
- sema.nim: add resolveCallArgs helper that injects default values
for missing params and reorders named args into param order.
Parser already parsed default param values; sema now uses them.
Selfhost compiler:
- ast.bux: add defaultExpr to Param, argName to ExprList
- parser.bux: parse = defaultExpr in param list, detect name: value
syntax in call arguments
- sema.bux: add Sema_ResolveCallArgs with same logic as bootstrap
Tests:
- _test_named_params verifies defaults, named args, mixed positional+named,
and named args with defaults in both compilers.
All verifications pass: build, selfhost-loop, test-examples, test-golden.
- Add operatorMethodName mapping (tkPlus -> operator_add, etc.)
- Add tryLowerOperatorCall / tryLowerIndexCall in HIR lowerer
- Modify ekBinary lowering to check method table before builtins
- Modify ekAssign lowering to detect ekIndex target and emit
operator_index_set method call when available
- Add sema type-checking for operator overloads in ekBinary
and ekIndex paths (method-table lookup before builtin rules)
- Fix sema compile errors: minfo.params[N].typ -> minfo.params[N]
- Fix hir_lower forward decl ordering for resolveExprType
- Update golden test expected.c files for current C backend
- Update ROADMAP.md and PHASE8_STRATEGY.md status
- Add syntax
- Desugars to if-else chain in HIR lowering (both compilers)
- No new HIR/C backend nodes needed — reuses hIf/hBinary/hBlock
- Supports integer, char, and enum tag dispatch
- Case body can be single statement (no braces required)
- Add statement for function-level deferred execution
- Deferred expressions run in LIFO order on function exit (return or implicit)
- Bootstrap: desugar defers in hir_lower.nim (inject before return + end of func)
- Selfhost: emit defers in c_backend.bux via CEmitter defer stack
- Both: add tkDefer token, skDefer AST node, hDefer HIR node
- Parser, lexer, sema, token files updated in both bootstrap/ and src/
dimgigov