- T[] slices are now fat pointers {data: T*, len: size_t} in C backend
- Added hSliceIndex HIR node for slice indexing (distinct from hIndexPtr for raw pointers)
- Added exprIndexBoundsCheck flag to AST ekIndex
- Sema sets bounds-check flag in @[Checked] functions
- C backend emits Slice_<T> typedefs and compound literals for slice init
- bux_bounds_check() called automatically on slice indexing in @[Checked] funcs
- Unchecked functions allow raw access (C behavior) for performance
- Lexer tokenizes 'a as tkLifetime
- Parser accepts lifetimes in type params <'a> and reference types &'a T / &'a mut T
- AST TypeExpr has refLifetime field for tekRef/tekMutRef
- TypeParam gains isLifetime flag for generic monomorphization
- Sema infers lifetime params as no-op dummy values; unwraps pointee types for params inside refs
- HIR lower skips lifetime params when generating mangled names and substitution tables
- &mut expr syntax supported in parser (consumed as part of unary &)
Self-hosted compiler (buxc2):
- Add async/await/spawn tokens, parsing, HIR, lowering, C emission
- Fix pointer type emission (*T -> T*) in C backend
- Fix sizeof(Type) parsing with parentheses
- Fix import ::{...} infinite loop guard
- Fix int64 emission by avoiding else-if chain workaround
- Add debug-free cli and hir_lower
Bootstrap compiler (Nim):
- Fix critical else-if lowering bug in hir_lower.nim:
when both elseIfs and else block exist, elseIfs were dropped
causing all else-if chains to collapse to if+else only
Runtime:
- Fix bux_async_await memory corruption (don't free in run)
- Add bux_remove_from_ready for safe cleanup
- Fix forward declaration and deduplicate bux_now_ms
Docs & examples:
- Update async.bux example with proper int64 params
- Update README, LanguageRef, Stdlib, PLAN for async features
- Mark Phase 7.10 bootstrap loop as completed
All 27 examples pass. buxc2 check/build work on all examples.
- runtime: bux_async_return(value, size) copies result to task->result
- runtime: bux_async_await returns void* result pointer
- runtime: bux_async_result(handle) to retrieve result
- sema: ekAwait returns *void
- HIR: await lowered to bux_async_await returning *void
- Example: async Compute() -> int with interleaved execution and result await
Parser (src_bux/parser.bux):
- Increased struct field limit from 8 to 64
- Added field4-field7 slots in struct field assignment
- Safeguard: fields beyond slot 7 are parsed but not stored (counted only)
Known issues:
- buxc2 segfaults on ast.bux (Decl struct has 30+ fields, sizeof mismatch
between Bux parser's Decl and C compiler's Decl)
- Full bootstrap requires Decl struct in ast.bux to match actual Decl layout
All 18 examples pass, all unit tests pass.
Lexer (src_bux/lexer.bux):
- Rewrote lexSkipWhitespace to use nested if/else instead of else-if
chain (workaround for Nim C backend else-if lowering bug)
- lexPeek: mask with & 255 for UTF-8 signed char bytes
Known: buxc2 project build hangs on ast.bux parsing (infinite loop).
buxc2 single-file build works correctly with else-if.
All 18 examples pass, all unit tests pass.
Parser (src_bux/parser.bux):
- Block stores statements as linked list (firstStmt/lastStmt/nextStmt)
- Block struct: added firstStmt, lastStmt fields
- Stmt struct: added nextStmt field
HIR Lowering (src_bux/hir_lower.bux):
- Lcx_LowerBlock: iterates statement linked list, chains HirNodes via child3
- hIf: else block stored in extraData (child3 reserved for block chaining)
C Backend (src_bux/c_backend.bux):
- hBlock: emits statements via child3 linked list with proper indentation
- hStore: combines alloca + value into single declaration (int x = value;)
- hIf: full if/else emission with proper newlines
- Function decl: proper return types and parameter types (not just "int")
- int main() wrapper: generated when Main function exists
- No duplicate return 0 when body already has return
Tested:
- buxc2 compiles hello world program → runs correctly
- buxc2 compiles multi-statement program (let, if, function calls) → runs correctly
- All 18 examples still pass, all unit tests pass
Runtime:
- bux_argc()/bux_argv() — command-line arg access from Bux programs
- g_argc/g_argv globals — set by C main() wrapper
Compiler:
- C backend generates extern g_argc/g_argv + int main(argc,argv) wrapper
- main.bux reads args via bux_argc/bux_argv and passes to Cli_Run
buxc2 verified:
- buxc2 version — reads CLI args correctly
- buxc2 check <file.bux> — lexes, parses, type-checks, generates C
- buxc2 build <file.bux> <output.c> — writes C output
PLAN.md updated with Phase 7.10 status and remaining work.
All 18 examples pass, all unit tests pass.
- Mark generic structs, generic methods, Array<T>, Map, String, Result/Option, ? operator as done
- Update Next Immediate Steps to reflect current priorities
- Fix statuses in Appendix A tables
- Rewrite Std::Array as fully generic struct Array<T> with generic methods
- Use sizeof(T) for allocation/reallocation instead of hardcoded 8
- Fix method call lowering to lookup receiver type specifically instead of
iterating all methodTable entries (prevents Array_Get matching for Box type)
- Add resolveTypeExpr typeSubst check for unknown named types
- Rename Array method parameters from 'arr' to 'self' for auto-registration
- Auto-register func Type_Method<T>(self: *Type<T>) as methods in sema
- Add type param awareness to sema resolveType for generic function bodies
- Add lazy monomorphization for generic struct method calls in HIR lowering
- Track varTypeExprs in LowerCtx for local variable type inference
- Fix ekSelf in both sema and hir_lower to resolve actual parameter type
- Fix lowerFunc to use substituteType for param/return types (handles pointers to generic structs)
- Auto-address value receivers when method expects pointer (e.g., b.Get() where self: *Box<T>)
- Add C forward declarations for all functions to fix ordering issues
- Relax type checks for tkTypeParam in assignments and arguments
- Update generics_struct example with Box_Get, Box_Set, Pair_GetFirst/Second
- Add generic struct instantiation (Box<int>, Pair<T,U>) in HIR lowering
- Fix tkUnknown/tkNamed/tkTypeParam ambiguity in sema.nim (qualify with TypeKind)
- Add generics_struct example
- Update Makefile with new example
Add standard library modules:
- Std::String: strlen, strcmp, concat, copy, starts_with wrappers
- Std::Map: linear-probing hash map with String keys, int values
Add error handling:
- Result and Option algebraic enum examples
- ? try operator for automatic error propagation in HIR lowering
Compiler bugfixes:
- Fix sizeof() for user-defined structs (new hSizeOf HIR node)
- Fix HIR type lowering for char8, bool8, int8, uint8, etc.
- Fix let statement lowering for pointer types (*char8 → int* bug)
- Fix PrintInt ABI mismatch (int64_t → int in io.c)
- Fix Makefile test bug (_test_tmp_pkg already exists)
Documentation:
- Rewrite README.md with features, examples, project structure
- Add docs/LanguageRef.md — complete language reference
- Add docs/Stdlib.md — standard library documentation
- Add docs/BuildAndTest.md — build and test guide
New examples: strings, map, result_option, try_operator (13 total)
- Mark Phase 2 (Semantic Analysis) as complete
- Mark Phase 3 (HIR) as complete
- Mark Phase 5A (C Transpiler) as complete
- Mark Phase 6 (Stdlib) as in-progress with Array and Io done
- Update milestones M2, M3, M4 to complete
- Update Appendix A: generics and range expressions are implemented
- Refresh Next Immediate Steps
- Parse range expressions in expressions (0..5, 0..=5)
- Add ekRange AST node, hRange HIR node
- Lower for-range to while loop with alloca counter
- Add hBlock.isScope flag for C scope emission
- Update C backend to emit scope blocks only when isScope is set
- Create stdlib/Std/Io.bux with extern func declarations
- Rename C shim functions to short names (PrintLine, PrintInt, etc.)
- Update all 9 examples to use import Std::Io::{PrintLine, PrintInt};
- Remove manual extern func Std_Io_* declarations from examples
dimgigov