Files
bux-lang/src/sema.nim
T

1311 lines
55 KiB
Nim

import std/[strformat, tables, sequtils, strutils]
import ast, types, scope, source_location, token
type
SemaDiagnosticSeverity* = enum
sdsWarning
sdsError
SemaDiagnostic* = object
severity*: SemaDiagnosticSeverity
loc*: SourceLocation
message*: string
SemaResult* = object
diagnostics*: seq[SemaDiagnostic]
MethodInfo* = object
name*: string
decl*: Decl
params*: seq[Type]
retType*: Type
CtValueKind = enum
ctkVoid, ctkInt, ctkBool, ctkString
CtValue = object
case kind: CtValueKind
of ctkVoid: discard
of ctkInt: intVal: int64
of ctkBool: boolVal: bool
of ctkString: strVal: string
Sema* = object
module*: Module
globalScope*: Scope
diagnostics*: seq[SemaDiagnostic]
# Built-in type mapping from name to Type
typeTable*: Table[string, Type]
# Type name -> list of methods (from extend blocks)
methodTable*: Table[string, seq[MethodInfo]]
# Interface name -> interface decl
interfaceTable*: Table[string, Decl]
# Borrow checker state
checkedFunc*: bool ## true inside @[Checked] function
currentFuncIsAsync*: bool ## true inside async func
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc unescapeStringLiteral*(s: string): string =
## Convert a raw string literal (with surrounding quotes and escape sequences)
## into the actual string value.
result = s
# Strip surrounding quotes
if result.len >= 2 and result[0] == '"' and result[^1] == '"':
result = result[1 ..< ^1]
# Process escape sequences
var i = 0
var outStr = ""
while i < result.len:
if result[i] == '\\' and i + 1 < result.len:
case result[i + 1]
of '\\': outStr.add('\\')
of '"': outStr.add('"')
of '\'': outStr.add('\'')
of 'n': outStr.add('\n')
of 'r': outStr.add('\r')
of 't': outStr.add('\t')
of '0': outStr.add('\0')
of 'x':
if i + 3 < result.len:
let hexStr = result[i + 2 .. i + 3]
try:
let code = parseHexInt(hexStr)
outStr.add(chr(code))
i += 2
except ValueError:
outStr.add(result[i])
else:
outStr.add(result[i])
else:
outStr.add(result[i + 1])
i += 2
else:
outStr.add(result[i])
inc i
result = outStr
proc emitError(sema: var Sema, loc: SourceLocation, message: string) =
sema.diagnostics.add(SemaDiagnostic(severity: sdsError, loc: loc, message: message))
proc emitWarning(sema: var Sema, loc: SourceLocation, message: string) =
sema.diagnostics.add(SemaDiagnostic(severity: sdsWarning, loc: loc, message: message))
proc hasErrors*(res: SemaResult): bool =
for d in res.diagnostics:
if d.severity == sdsError:
return true
return false
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generic type inference helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc typeExprReferencesTypeParam(te: TypeExpr, name: string): bool =
## Recursively check if a TypeExpr tree references a given type parameter name.
if te == nil: return false
case te.kind
of tekNamed:
if te.typeName == name: return true
for arg in te.typeArgs:
if typeExprReferencesTypeParam(arg, name): return true
of tekPath:
return false
of tekSlice:
return typeExprReferencesTypeParam(te.sliceElement, name)
of tekOwn, tekPointer, tekRef, tekMutRef:
return typeExprReferencesTypeParam(te.pointerPointee, name)
of tekDynRef:
return false
of tekTuple:
for elem in te.tupleElements:
if typeExprReferencesTypeParam(elem, name): return true
of tekSelf:
return false
proc typeToTypeExpr(t: Type): TypeExpr =
## Convert a resolved Type back to a TypeExpr for storage in inferred type args.
case t.kind
of tkInt: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "int")
of tkInt8: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "int8")
of tkInt16: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "int16")
of tkInt32: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "int32")
of tkInt64: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "int64")
of tkUInt: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "uint")
of tkUInt8: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "uint8")
of tkUInt16: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "uint16")
of tkUInt32: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "uint32")
of tkUInt64: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "uint64")
of tkFloat32: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "float32")
of tkFloat64: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "float64")
of tkBool: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "bool")
of tkStr: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "String")
of tkNamed: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: t.name)
of tkPointer:
if t.inner.len > 0:
TypeExpr(kind: tekPointer, pointerPointee: typeToTypeExpr(t.inner[0]))
else:
TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "void")
of tkRef:
if t.inner.len > 0:
TypeExpr(kind: tekRef, pointerPointee: typeToTypeExpr(t.inner[0]))
else:
TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "void")
of tkMutRef:
if t.inner.len > 0:
TypeExpr(kind: tekMutRef, pointerPointee: typeToTypeExpr(t.inner[0]))
else:
TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "void")
of tkVoid: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: "void")
else: TypeExpr(kind: tekNamed, typeName: t.toString)
proc inferTypeArgs(sema: var Sema, funcDecl: Decl, argTypes: seq[Type],
loc: SourceLocation): seq[TypeExpr] =
## Infer type arguments from argument types for a generic function call.
## Returns empty seq if inference fails for any type parameter.
result = @[]
for tp in funcDecl.declFuncTypeParams:
let tpName = tp.name
var inferred: Type = nil
for i, param in funcDecl.declFuncParams:
if i >= argTypes.len: break
# Skip pointer params — type param is inside the pointee and we cannot
# structurally extract it (e.g., *Map<K,V> → arg is *Map<int,String>)
if param.ptype.kind in {tekOwn, tekPointer}:
continue
if typeExprReferencesTypeParam(param.ptype, tpName):
if inferred == nil:
inferred = argTypes[i]
elif inferred != argTypes[i]:
# Check if one is assignable to the other (wider type wins)
if argTypes[i].isAssignableTo(inferred):
discard # inferred stays the same
elif inferred.isAssignableTo(argTypes[i]):
inferred = argTypes[i]
else:
sema.emitError(loc,
&"conflicting types for type parameter '{tpName}': " &
&"{inferred.toString} vs {argTypes[i].toString}")
return @[]
if inferred != nil and not inferred.isUnknown:
result.add(typeToTypeExpr(inferred))
else:
# Cannot infer this type parameter from arguments
return @[]
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Type resolution from AST TypeExpr
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc resolveType(sema: var Sema, te: TypeExpr): Type =
if te == nil:
return makeUnknown()
case te.kind
of tekNamed:
let name = te.typeName
case name
of "void": return makeVoid()
of "bool": return makeBool()
of "bool8": return makeBool8()
of "bool16": return makeBool16()
of "bool32": return makeBool32()
of "char8": return makeChar8()
of "char16": return makeChar16()
of "char32": return makeChar32()
of "String", "str": return makeStr()
of "int8": return makeInt8()
of "int16": return makeInt16()
of "int32": return makeInt32()
of "int64": return makeInt64()
of "int": return makeInt()
of "uint8": return makeUInt8()
of "uint16": return makeUInt16()
of "uint32": return makeUInt32()
of "uint64": return makeUInt64()
of "uint": return makeUInt()
of "float32": return makeFloat32()
of "float64": return makeFloat64()
of "float": return makeFloat64()
else:
if sema.typeTable.hasKey(name):
return sema.typeTable[name]
return makeNamed(name)
of tekPath:
let fullName = te.pathSegments.join("::")
return makeNamed(fullName)
of tekOwn:
return sema.resolveType(te.pointerPointee)
of tekPointer:
return makePointer(sema.resolveType(te.pointerPointee))
of tekRef:
return makeRef(sema.resolveType(te.pointerPointee))
of tekMutRef:
return makeMutRef(sema.resolveType(te.pointerPointee))
of tekDynRef:
return makeDynRef(te.dynInterface)
of tekSlice:
let elemType = sema.resolveType(te.sliceElement)
return makeSlice(elemType)
of tekTuple:
var elems: seq[Type] = @[]
for e in te.tupleElements:
elems.add(sema.resolveType(e))
return makeTuple(elems)
of tekSelf:
return makeNamed("self")
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# First pass: collect global symbols
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Compile-Time Function Execution (CTFE)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc evalExpr(sema: Sema, expr: Expr, locals: Table[string, CtValue]): CtValue
proc evalBlock(sema: Sema, blk: Block, locals: Table[string, CtValue]): CtValue =
var localVars = locals
for stmt in blk.stmts:
case stmt.kind
of skLet:
if stmt.stmtLetInit != nil:
let val = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtLetInit, localVars)
if val.kind in {ctkInt, ctkBool, ctkString}:
localVars[stmt.stmtLetName] = val
of skIf:
let cond = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtIfCond, localVars)
if cond.kind == ctkBool:
if cond.boolVal:
let res = sema.evalBlock(stmt.stmtIfThen, localVars)
if res.kind != ctkVoid:
return res
elif stmt.stmtIfElse != nil:
let res = sema.evalBlock(stmt.stmtIfElse, localVars)
if res.kind != ctkVoid:
return res
# If condition is false and no else, continue to next statement
else:
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of skReturn:
if stmt.stmtReturnValue != nil:
return sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtReturnValue, localVars)
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of skExpr:
let res = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtExpr, localVars)
if res.kind != ctkVoid:
return res
of skStaticAssert:
let cond = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtStaticAssertCond, localVars)
if cond.kind != ctkBool or not cond.boolVal:
var msg = "static assertion failed"
if stmt.stmtStaticAssertMsg != nil:
let msgVal = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtStaticAssertMsg, localVars)
if msgVal.kind == ctkString:
msg = msgVal.strVal
# Note: we can't emitError here because evalBlock is used for const folding too
# and we don't have access to sema diagnostics. For now, just return void.
# In checkStmt we'll do the real error reporting.
discard
of skComptime:
discard sema.evalBlock(stmt.stmtComptimeBlock, localVars)
else:
discard
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
proc evalExpr(sema: Sema, expr: Expr, locals: Table[string, CtValue]): CtValue =
if expr == nil:
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
case expr.kind
of ekLiteral:
case expr.exprLit.kind
of tkIntLiteral:
return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: parseBiggestInt(expr.exprLit.text))
of tkBoolLiteral:
return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: expr.exprLit.text == "true")
of tkStringLiteral:
return CtValue(kind: ctkString, strVal: unescapeStringLiteral(expr.exprLit.text))
else:
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekIdent:
if locals.hasKey(expr.exprIdent):
return locals[expr.exprIdent]
# Check if it's a const global
let sym = sema.globalScope.lookup(expr.exprIdent)
if sym != nil and sym.decl != nil and sym.decl.kind == dkConst and sym.decl.declConstValue != nil:
return sema.evalExpr(sym.decl.declConstValue, locals)
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekUnary:
let operand = sema.evalExpr(expr.exprUnaryOperand, locals)
case expr.exprUnaryOp
of tkMinus:
if operand.kind == ctkInt:
return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: -operand.intVal)
of tkBang:
if operand.kind == ctkBool:
return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: not operand.boolVal)
else:
discard
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekBinary:
let left = sema.evalExpr(expr.exprBinaryLeft, locals)
let right = sema.evalExpr(expr.exprBinaryRight, locals)
if left.kind == ctkInt and right.kind == ctkInt:
case expr.exprBinaryOp
of tkPlus: return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: left.intVal + right.intVal)
of tkMinus: return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: left.intVal - right.intVal)
of tkStar: return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: left.intVal * right.intVal)
of tkSlash:
if right.intVal != 0:
return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: left.intVal div right.intVal)
of tkPercent:
if right.intVal != 0:
return CtValue(kind: ctkInt, intVal: left.intVal mod right.intVal)
of tkEq: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal == right.intVal)
of tkNe: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal != right.intVal)
of tkLt: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal < right.intVal)
of tkLe: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal <= right.intVal)
of tkGt: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal > right.intVal)
of tkGe: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.intVal >= right.intVal)
else: discard
elif left.kind == ctkBool and right.kind == ctkBool:
case expr.exprBinaryOp
of tkAmpAmp: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.boolVal and right.boolVal)
of tkPipePipe: return CtValue(kind: ctkBool, boolVal: left.boolVal or right.boolVal)
else: discard
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekTernary:
let cond = sema.evalExpr(expr.exprTernaryCond, locals)
if cond.kind == ctkBool:
if cond.boolVal:
return sema.evalExpr(expr.exprTernaryThen, locals)
else:
return sema.evalExpr(expr.exprTernaryElse, locals)
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekCall:
# Try to evaluate const func calls
if expr.exprCallCallee != nil and expr.exprCallCallee.kind == ekIdent:
let funcName = expr.exprCallCallee.exprIdent
let sym = sema.globalScope.lookup(funcName)
if sym != nil and sym.decl != nil and sym.decl.kind == dkFunc and sym.decl.declFuncConst:
# Evaluate arguments
var argVals: seq[CtValue] = @[]
for arg in expr.exprCallArgs:
argVals.add(sema.evalExpr(arg, locals))
# Build parameter locals
var callLocals = locals
for i, p in sym.decl.declFuncParams:
if i < argVals.len:
callLocals[p.name] = argVals[i]
# Evaluate function body
if sym.decl.declFuncBody != nil:
return sema.evalBlock(sym.decl.declFuncBody, callLocals)
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
of ekBlock:
return sema.evalBlock(expr.exprBlock, locals)
else:
return CtValue(kind: ctkVoid)
proc constFoldConstDecl(sema: Sema, decl: Decl): bool =
## Try to evaluate a const declaration at compile time.
## Returns true if successful and modifies declConstValue to a literal.
if decl.kind != dkConst: return false
let val = sema.evalExpr(decl.declConstValue, initTable[string, CtValue]())
case val.kind
of ctkInt:
decl.declConstValue = Expr(kind: ekLiteral, loc: decl.loc,
exprLit: Token(kind: tkIntLiteral, text: $val.intVal, loc: decl.loc))
return true
of ctkBool:
decl.declConstValue = Expr(kind: ekLiteral, loc: decl.loc,
exprLit: Token(kind: tkBoolLiteral, text: $val.boolVal, loc: decl.loc))
return true
of ctkString:
decl.declConstValue = Expr(kind: ekLiteral, loc: decl.loc,
exprLit: Token(kind: tkStringLiteral, text: val.strVal, loc: decl.loc))
return true
of ctkVoid:
return false
proc collectGlobals*(sema: var Sema) =
for decl in sema.module.items:
case decl.kind
of dkFunc:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skFunc, name: decl.declFuncName, decl: decl,
isPublic: decl.isPublic)
# Temporarily add type parameters to type table for resolution
var addedTypeParams: seq[string] = @[]
for tp in decl.declFuncTypeParams:
sema.typeTable[tp.name] = makeTypeParam(tp.name)
addedTypeParams.add(tp.name)
# Build function type from params and return
var params: seq[Type] = @[]
for p in decl.declFuncParams:
params.add(sema.resolveType(p.ptype))
let retType = if decl.declFuncReturnType != nil: sema.resolveType(decl.declFuncReturnType) else: makeVoid()
sym.typ = makeFunc(params, retType)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
let existing = sema.globalScope.lookup(decl.declFuncName)
if existing != nil and existing.kind == skFunc:
if existing.decl != nil and existing.decl.declFuncBody == nil and decl.declFuncBody != nil:
# First was forward declaration, update with definition
existing.decl = decl
existing.typ = sym.typ
elif decl.declFuncBody == nil:
# New one is a forward declaration, existing already has it — skip
discard
else:
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declFuncName}'")
else:
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declFuncName}'")
# Auto-register func Type_Method(self: Type, ...) as a method
if decl.declFuncParams.len > 0 and decl.declFuncParams[0].name == "self":
var typeName = ""
for i in countdown(decl.declFuncName.len - 1, 1):
if decl.declFuncName[i] == '_':
let prefix = decl.declFuncName[0..<i]
let typeSym = sema.globalScope.lookup(prefix)
if typeSym != nil and typeSym.kind == skType and typeSym.decl != nil and typeSym.decl.kind == dkStruct:
typeName = prefix
break
if typeName != "":
let methodName = decl.declFuncName[typeName.len + 1 .. ^1]
if not sema.methodTable.hasKey(typeName):
sema.methodTable[typeName] = @[]
var minfo = MethodInfo(
name: methodName,
decl: decl,
params: params,
retType: retType
)
sema.methodTable[typeName].add(minfo)
# Clean up type parameters
for tp in addedTypeParams:
sema.typeTable.del(tp)
of dkExternFunc:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skFunc, name: decl.declExtFuncName, decl: decl,
isPublic: decl.isPublic)
var params: seq[Type] = @[]
for p in decl.declExtFuncParams:
params.add(sema.resolveType(p.ptype))
let retType = if decl.declExtFuncReturnType != nil: sema.resolveType(decl.declExtFuncReturnType) else: makeVoid()
sym.typ = makeFunc(params, retType)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
# Allow duplicate extern func declarations (same func declared in multiple files)
let existing = sema.globalScope.lookup(decl.declExtFuncName)
if existing == nil or existing.kind != skFunc:
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declExtFuncName}'")
of dkStruct:
let t = makeNamed(decl.declStructName)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skType, name: decl.declStructName, typ: t,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declStructName}'")
sema.typeTable[decl.declStructName] = t
of dkEnum:
let t = makeNamed(decl.declEnumName)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skType, name: decl.declEnumName, typ: t,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declEnumName}'")
sema.typeTable[decl.declEnumName] = t
# For algebraic enums, add variant constants with _Tag type
for variant in decl.declEnumVariants:
let variantName = decl.declEnumName & "_" & variant.name
let variantType = makeNamed(decl.declEnumName & "_Tag")
let variantSym = Symbol(kind: skConst, name: variantName, typ: variantType,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
discard sema.globalScope.define(variantSym)
of dkUnion:
let t = makeNamed(decl.declUnionName)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skType, name: decl.declUnionName, typ: t,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declUnionName}'")
sema.typeTable[decl.declUnionName] = t
of dkConst:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skConst, name: decl.declConstName,
typ: sema.resolveType(decl.declConstType),
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declConstName}'")
of dkTypeAlias:
let t = sema.resolveType(decl.declAliasType)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skType, name: decl.declAliasName, typ: t,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declAliasName}'")
sema.typeTable[decl.declAliasName] = t
of dkUse:
# Imports: register imported names into scope
if decl.declUsePath.len > 0:
case decl.declUseKind
of ukMulti:
for name in decl.declUseNames:
if sema.globalScope.lookup(name) == nil:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skFunc, name: name, typ: makeUnknown(), isPublic: true)
discard sema.globalScope.define(sym)
of ukGlob:
let name = decl.declUsePath[^1]
if sema.globalScope.lookup(name) == nil:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skModule, name: name, typ: makeUnknown(), isPublic: true)
discard sema.globalScope.define(sym)
of ukSingle:
let name = decl.declUsePath[^1]
if sema.globalScope.lookup(name) == nil:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skFunc, name: name, typ: makeUnknown(), isPublic: true)
discard sema.globalScope.define(sym)
of dkInterface:
# Register interface for conformance checking
sema.interfaceTable[decl.declInterfaceName] = decl
let t = makeNamed(decl.declInterfaceName)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skType, name: decl.declInterfaceName, typ: t,
decl: decl, isPublic: decl.isPublic)
if not sema.globalScope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(decl.loc, &"duplicate symbol '{decl.declInterfaceName}'")
sema.typeTable[decl.declInterfaceName] = t
# Register associated types as type parameters (they get substituted in impl)
for assoc in decl.declInterfaceAssocTypes:
sema.typeTable[assoc] = makeTypeParam(assoc)
of dkImpl:
# Register methods for the type
let typeName = decl.declImplTypeName
let implTypeParams = decl.declImplTypeParams
if not sema.methodTable.hasKey(typeName):
sema.methodTable[typeName] = @[]
# If impl has type params, temporarily add them to type table
var addedTypeParams: seq[string] = @[]
for tp in implTypeParams:
sema.typeTable[tp.name] = makeTypeParam(tp.name)
addedTypeParams.add(tp.name)
for methodDecl in decl.declImplMethods:
if methodDecl.kind == dkFunc:
# Propagate impl type params to method for HIR lowering
if implTypeParams.len > 0:
methodDecl.declFuncTypeParams = implTypeParams
var params: seq[Type] = @[]
for p in methodDecl.declFuncParams:
params.add(sema.resolveType(p.ptype))
let retType = if methodDecl.declFuncReturnType != nil:
sema.resolveType(methodDecl.declFuncReturnType)
else:
makeVoid()
let info = MethodInfo(
name: methodDecl.declFuncName,
decl: methodDecl,
params: params,
retType: retType
)
sema.methodTable[typeName].add(info)
# Also register as a global function: TypeName_MethodName
let mangledName = typeName & "_" & methodDecl.declFuncName
let sym = Symbol(kind: skFunc, name: mangledName, decl: methodDecl,
isPublic: true)
sym.typ = makeFunc(params, retType)
if implTypeParams.len > 0:
# Register as generic function for monomorphization
sym.decl = methodDecl
discard sema.globalScope.define(sym)
# Clean up type parameters
for tp in addedTypeParams:
sema.typeTable.del(tp)
else:
discard
# Second pass: evaluate const declarations after all functions are registered
for decl in sema.module.items:
if decl.kind == dkConst:
discard sema.constFoldConstDecl(decl)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Expression type checking
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc checkExpr(sema: var Sema, expr: Expr, scope: Scope): Type
proc checkStmt(sema: var Sema, stmt: Stmt, scope: Scope): Type
proc typeImplements(sema: Sema, t: Type, interfaceName: string): bool =
## Check if a type implements an interface by verifying all required methods exist.
if t.isUnknown: return true
let typeName = if t.kind == tkNamed: t.name elif t.isPointer and t.inner.len > 0 and t.inner[0].kind == tkNamed: t.inner[0].name else: ""
if typeName == "": return false
if not sema.interfaceTable.hasKey(interfaceName):
return true # Unknown interface — be permissive in bootstrap
let iface = sema.interfaceTable[interfaceName]
let requiredMethods = iface.declInterfaceMethods
if not sema.methodTable.hasKey(typeName):
return false
let availableMethods = sema.methodTable[typeName]
for req in requiredMethods:
var found = false
for avail in availableMethods:
if avail.name == req.declFuncName:
found = true
break
if not found:
return false
# Check associated types (permissive in bootstrap — just check if impl has them)
for assoc in iface.declInterfaceAssocTypes:
var found = false
# Look for impl block that provides this associated type
# This is a simplified check; full impl lookup would require tracking impl blocks
found = true # Be permissive in bootstrap
if not found:
return false
return true
proc checkTraitBounds(sema: var Sema, funcDecl: Decl, inferredTypes: seq[Type], loc: SourceLocation) =
## Verify that inferred types satisfy their trait bounds.
for i, tp in funcDecl.declFuncTypeParams:
if i < inferredTypes.len and inferredTypes[i] != nil:
for bound in tp.bounds:
if not sema.typeImplements(inferredTypes[i], bound):
sema.emitError(loc, &"type '{inferredTypes[i].toString}' does not implement trait '{bound}'")
proc extractPatternBindings(sema: var Sema, pat: Pattern, scope: Scope) =
## Add pattern-bound identifiers to scope with unknown type (best-effort)
if pat == nil: return
case pat.kind
of pkIdent:
let sym = Symbol(kind: skVar, name: pat.patIdent, typ: makeUnknown(), isMutable: false)
discard scope.define(sym)
of pkEnum:
for arg in pat.patEnumArgs:
sema.extractPatternBindings(arg, scope)
for nf in pat.patEnumNamed:
sema.extractPatternBindings(nf.pattern, scope)
of pkTuple:
for elem in pat.patTupleElements:
sema.extractPatternBindings(elem, scope)
of pkStruct:
for f in pat.patStructFields:
sema.extractPatternBindings(f.pattern, scope)
of pkGuarded:
sema.extractPatternBindings(pat.patGuardedInner, scope)
else:
discard
proc checkExprList(sema: var Sema, exprs: seq[Expr], scope: Scope): seq[Type] =
for e in exprs:
result.add(sema.checkExpr(e, scope))
proc checkExpr(sema: var Sema, expr: Expr, scope: Scope): Type =
if expr == nil:
return makeUnknown()
case expr.kind
of ekLiteral:
case expr.exprLit.kind
of tkIntLiteral: return makeInt()
of tkFloatLiteral: return makeFloat64()
of tkStringLiteral: return makeStr()
of tkCharLiteral: return makeChar32()
of tkBoolLiteral: return makeBool()
of tkNull: return makePointer(makeUnknown())
else: return makeUnknown()
of ekIdent:
let sym = scope.lookup(expr.exprIdent)
if sym == nil:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"undeclared identifier '{expr.exprIdent}'")
return makeUnknown()
if sym.typ == nil:
return makeUnknown()
return sym.typ
of ekSelf:
let sym = scope.lookup("self")
if sym != nil and sym.typ != nil:
return sym.typ
return makeNamed("self")
of ekPath:
let fullName = expr.exprPath.join("::")
let sym = scope.lookup(fullName)
if sym != nil:
return sym.typ
# Try looking up the first segment
let first = scope.lookup(expr.exprPath[0])
if first == nil:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"undeclared identifier '{expr.exprPath[0]}'")
return makeUnknown()
return first.typ
of ekUnary:
let operandType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprUnaryOperand, scope)
case expr.exprUnaryOp
of tkBang:
if not operandType.isBool:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "'!' requires bool operand")
return makeBool()
of tkMinus, tkTilde:
if not operandType.isNumeric:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "unary '-' requires numeric operand")
return operandType
of tkStar:
if not operandType.isPointer:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "dereference requires pointer operand")
return makeUnknown()
return operandType.inner[0]
of tkAmp:
return makeMutRef(operandType)
else:
return operandType
of ekPostfix:
let operandType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprPostfixOperand, scope)
case expr.exprPostfixOp
of tkPlusPlus, tkMinusMinus:
if not operandType.isNumeric:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "increment/decrement requires numeric operand")
return operandType
else:
return operandType
of ekBinary:
let left = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprBinaryLeft, scope)
let right = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprBinaryRight, scope)
case expr.exprBinaryOp
of tkPlus, tkMinus, tkStar, tkSlash, tkPercent, tkStarStar:
if not left.isNumeric or not right.isNumeric:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"arithmetic operator requires numeric operands ({left.toString}, {right.toString})")
return makeUnknown()
# Result type is the wider of the two
if left.isFloat or right.isFloat:
if left.kind == tkFloat64 or right.kind == tkFloat64:
return makeFloat64()
return makeFloat32()
return left
of tkAmp, tkPipe, tkCaret, tkShl, tkShr:
if not left.isInteger or not right.isInteger:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "bitwise operator requires integer operands")
return left
of tkAmpAmp, tkPipePipe:
if not left.isBool or not right.isBool:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "logical operator requires bool operands")
return makeBool()
of tkEq, tkNe, tkLt, tkLe, tkGt, tkGe:
if not left.isAssignableTo(right) and not right.isAssignableTo(left):
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot compare types {left.toString} and {right.toString}")
return makeBool()
else:
return makeUnknown()
of ekAssign:
let target = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprAssignTarget, scope)
let value = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprAssignValue, scope)
if not value.isAssignableTo(target):
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot assign {value.toString} to {target.toString}")
# Borrow check: cannot write through &T (shared reference) in @[Checked] functions
if sema.checkedFunc and expr.exprAssignTarget.kind == ekUnary and expr.exprAssignTarget.exprUnaryOp == tkStar:
let ptrType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprAssignTarget.exprUnaryOperand, scope)
if ptrType.isRef:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "cannot assign through shared reference '&T' in checked function — use '&mut T' instead")
return target
of ekTernary:
let cond = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprTernaryCond, scope)
if not cond.isBool:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "ternary condition must be bool")
let thenType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprTernaryThen, scope)
let elseType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprTernaryElse, scope)
if thenType != elseType:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "ternary branches must have same type")
return thenType
of ekRange:
let lo = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprRangeLo, scope)
let hi = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprRangeHi, scope)
if lo != hi:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "range bounds must have same type")
return makeRange(lo)
of ekCall:
if expr.exprCallCallee == nil:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "internal error: nil callee in call expression")
return makeUnknown()
# Check for generic function call: Max<int>(10, 20)
if expr.exprCallCallee.kind == ekGenericCall:
let sym = scope.lookup(expr.exprCallCallee.exprGenericCallee)
if sym == nil:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"undeclared identifier '{expr.exprCallCallee.exprGenericCallee}'")
return makeUnknown()
if sym.typ != nil and sym.typ.kind == tkFunc:
# Get the return type and substitute type parameters
let retType = sym.typ.inner[^1]
if retType.kind == tkNamed:
# Check if this is a type parameter
let sym2 = sema.globalScope.lookup(expr.exprCallCallee.exprGenericCallee)
if sym2 != nil and sym2.decl != nil and sym2.decl.kind == dkFunc:
let typeParams = sym2.decl.declFuncTypeParams
for i, tp in typeParams:
if retType.name == tp.name and i < expr.exprCallCallee.exprGenericTypeArgs.len:
# Substitute with concrete type
let concreteType = expr.exprCallCallee.exprGenericTypeArgs[i]
if concreteType.kind == tekNamed:
return sema.resolveType(concreteType)
return retType
return makeUnknown()
# Check for method call: obj.method(args)
if expr.exprCallCallee.kind == ekField:
let receiver = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprCallCallee.exprFieldObj, scope)
let methodName = expr.exprCallCallee.exprFieldName
var argTypes = sema.checkExprList(expr.exprCallArgs, scope)
# Try to find method for receiver type
var typeName = ""
if receiver.kind == tkNamed:
typeName = receiver.name
elif receiver.kind in {tkInt, tkInt8, tkInt16, tkInt32, tkInt64,
tkUInt, tkUInt8, tkUInt16, tkUInt32, tkUInt64,
tkFloat32, tkFloat64, tkBool, tkStr, tkChar8}:
typeName = receiver.toString
elif receiver.isPointer and receiver.inner.len > 0 and receiver.inner[0].kind == tkNamed:
typeName = receiver.inner[0].name
if typeName != "" and sema.methodTable.hasKey(typeName):
for minfo in sema.methodTable[typeName]:
if minfo.name == methodName:
# Found method - check arguments (skip self parameter)
let expectedParams = minfo.params
if argTypes.len + 1 < expectedParams.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"too few arguments for method '{methodName}'")
elif argTypes.len > expectedParams.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"too many arguments for method '{methodName}'")
else:
for i in 0 ..< argTypes.len:
let paramIdx = i + 1 # skip self
if paramIdx < expectedParams.len:
if not argTypes[i].isAssignableTo(expectedParams[paramIdx]) and not (argTypes[i].kind in {TypeKind.tkUnknown, TypeKind.tkNamed, TypeKind.tkTypeParam}):
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"argument {i+1}: expected {expectedParams[paramIdx].toString}, got {argTypes[i].toString}")
return minfo.retType
# Trait object virtual method call: &dyn Trait
if receiver.kind == tkDynRef:
let ifaceName = receiver.name
if sema.interfaceTable.hasKey(ifaceName):
let iface = sema.interfaceTable[ifaceName]
for m in iface.declInterfaceMethods:
if m.declFuncName == methodName:
var paramTypes: seq[Type] = @[]
for p in m.declFuncParams:
paramTypes.add(sema.resolveType(p.ptype))
if argTypes.len + 1 < paramTypes.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"too few arguments for method '{methodName}'")
elif argTypes.len > paramTypes.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"too many arguments for method '{methodName}'")
else:
for i in 0 ..< argTypes.len:
let paramIdx = i + 1
if paramIdx < paramTypes.len:
if not argTypes[i].isAssignableTo(paramTypes[paramIdx]) and not (argTypes[i].kind in {TypeKind.tkUnknown, TypeKind.tkNamed, TypeKind.tkTypeParam}):
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"argument {i+1}: expected {paramTypes[paramIdx].toString}, got {argTypes[i].toString}")
return if m.declFuncReturnType != nil: sema.resolveType(m.declFuncReturnType) else: makeVoid()
# Not a method - treat as function pointer field
let fieldType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprCallCallee, scope)
if fieldType.kind == tkFunc:
let expectedParams = fieldType.inner[0..^2]
if argTypes.len != expectedParams.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"expected {expectedParams.len} arguments, got {argTypes.len}")
return fieldType.inner[^1]
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot call non-function field '{methodName}' on type {receiver.toString}")
return makeUnknown()
# Regular function call
let calleeType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprCallCallee, scope)
var argTypes = sema.checkExprList(expr.exprCallArgs, scope)
if calleeType.kind == tkFunc:
let expectedParams = calleeType.inner[0..^2]
if argTypes.len != expectedParams.len:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"expected {expectedParams.len} arguments, got {argTypes.len}")
else:
for i in 0 ..< argTypes.len:
if not argTypes[i].isAssignableTo(expectedParams[i]) and not (argTypes[i].kind in {TypeKind.tkUnknown, TypeKind.tkNamed, TypeKind.tkTypeParam}):
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"argument {i+1}: expected {expectedParams[i].toString}, got {argTypes[i].toString}")
# Check for inferred generic function call (no explicit type args)
var calleeDecl: Decl = nil
case expr.exprCallCallee.kind
of ekIdent:
let sym = scope.lookup(expr.exprCallCallee.exprIdent)
if sym != nil: calleeDecl = sym.decl
of ekPath:
let fullName = expr.exprCallCallee.exprPath.join("::")
let sym = scope.lookup(fullName)
if sym != nil: calleeDecl = sym.decl
else: discard
if calleeDecl != nil and calleeDecl.kind == dkFunc and
calleeDecl.declFuncTypeParams.len > 0 and
expr.exprCallInferredTypeArgs.len == 0 and
expr.exprCallCallee.kind != ekGenericCall:
let inferred = sema.inferTypeArgs(calleeDecl, argTypes, expr.loc)
if inferred.len == calleeDecl.declFuncTypeParams.len:
expr.exprCallInferredTypeArgs = inferred
# Check trait bounds
var inferredTypes: seq[Type] = @[]
for te in inferred:
inferredTypes.add(sema.resolveType(te))
sema.checkTraitBounds(calleeDecl, inferredTypes, expr.loc)
# Substitute return type using inferred type args
if calleeDecl.declFuncReturnType != nil:
var added: seq[string] = @[]
for i, tp in calleeDecl.declFuncTypeParams:
if i < inferred.len:
let concrete = sema.resolveType(inferred[i])
sema.typeTable[tp.name] = concrete
added.add(tp.name)
let retType = sema.resolveType(calleeDecl.declFuncReturnType)
for tp in added:
sema.typeTable.del(tp)
return retType
return calleeType.inner[^1]
elif calleeType.kind == tkUnknown:
return makeUnknown()
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot call non-function type {calleeType.toString}")
return makeUnknown()
of ekGenericCall:
# Generic function call: Max<int>(10, 20)
# For now, just look up the function and return its return type
let sym = scope.lookup(expr.exprGenericCallee)
if sym == nil:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"undeclared identifier '{expr.exprGenericCallee}'")
return makeUnknown()
if sym.typ != nil and sym.typ.kind == tkFunc:
return sym.typ.inner[^1]
return makeUnknown()
of ekIndex:
let obj = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprIndexObj, scope)
let idx = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprIndexIdx, scope)
if not idx.isInteger:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "index must be integer")
if obj.isSlice:
return obj.inner[0]
elif obj.isPointer:
return obj.inner[0]
elif obj.kind == tkStr:
return makeChar8()
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "cannot index non-slice/non-pointer type")
return makeUnknown()
of ekField:
let obj = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprFieldObj, scope)
var objType = obj
# Auto-dereference pointer/reference types for field access
if objType.kind in {tkPointer, tkRef, tkMutRef} and objType.inner.len > 0:
objType = objType.inner[0]
if objType.kind == tkNamed:
# Check if this is a _Data union field access
if objType.name.endsWith("_Data"):
let enumName = objType.name[0..^6] # Remove "_Data" suffix
let enumSym = sema.globalScope.lookup(enumName)
if enumSym != nil and enumSym.decl != nil and enumSym.decl.kind == dkEnum:
# Look for the field in enum variants
for variant in enumSym.decl.declEnumVariants:
# Check positional fields: Ok_0, Ok_1, etc.
for i, f in variant.fields:
let fieldName = variant.name & "_" & $i
if fieldName == expr.exprFieldName:
return sema.resolveType(f)
# Check named fields
for nf in variant.namedFields:
if nf.name == expr.exprFieldName:
return sema.resolveType(nf.ftype)
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"union '{objType.name}' has no field '{expr.exprFieldName}'")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot access field on type {obj.toString}")
else:
let sym = sema.globalScope.lookup(objType.name)
if sym != nil and sym.decl != nil:
if sym.decl.kind == dkStruct:
for f in sym.decl.declStructFields:
if f.name == expr.exprFieldName:
return sema.resolveType(f.ftype)
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"struct '{objType.name}' has no field '{expr.exprFieldName}'")
elif sym.decl.kind == dkEnum:
# Algebraic enum fields
if expr.exprFieldName == "tag":
return makeNamed(obj.name & "_Tag")
elif expr.exprFieldName == "data":
return makeNamed(obj.name & "_Data")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"enum '{obj.name}' has no field '{expr.exprFieldName}'")
elif sym.decl.kind == dkUnion:
# Union fields
for f in sym.decl.declUnionFields:
if f.name == expr.exprFieldName:
return sema.resolveType(f.ftype)
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"union '{obj.name}' has no field '{expr.exprFieldName}'")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot access field on type {obj.toString}")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot access field on type {obj.toString}")
elif objType.kind == tkDynRef:
# Trait object: methods come from the interface
let ifaceName = objType.name
if sema.interfaceTable.hasKey(ifaceName):
let iface = sema.interfaceTable[ifaceName]
for m in iface.declInterfaceMethods:
if m.declFuncName == expr.exprFieldName:
# Build function type from method signature
var paramTypes: seq[Type] = @[]
for p in m.declFuncParams:
paramTypes.add(sema.resolveType(p.ptype))
let retType = if m.declFuncReturnType != nil: sema.resolveType(m.declFuncReturnType) else: makeVoid()
return makeFunc(paramTypes, retType)
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"interface '{ifaceName}' has no method '{expr.exprFieldName}'")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"unknown interface '{ifaceName}'")
else:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"cannot access field on type {obj.toString}")
return makeUnknown()
of ekStructInit:
let sym = sema.globalScope.lookup(expr.exprStructInitName)
if sym == nil or sym.kind != skType:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, &"unknown struct type '{expr.exprStructInitName}'")
return makeUnknown()
return makeNamed(expr.exprStructInitName)
of ekSlice:
if expr.exprSliceElements.len == 0:
return makeSlice(makeUnknown())
let firstType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprSliceElements[0], scope)
for i in 1 ..< expr.exprSliceElements.len:
let t = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprSliceElements[i], scope)
if t != firstType:
sema.emitError(expr.loc, "slice elements must have same type")
return makeSlice(firstType)
of ekTuple:
var elems: seq[Type] = @[]
for e in expr.exprTupleElements:
elems.add(sema.checkExpr(e, scope))
return makeTuple(elems)
of ekCast:
discard sema.checkExpr(expr.exprCastOperand, scope)
return sema.resolveType(expr.exprCastType)
of ekIs:
discard sema.checkExpr(expr.exprIsOperand, scope)
return makeBool()
of ekTry:
let operandType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprTryOperand, scope)
# For now, assume Result<int, String> -> int
# TODO: check operand is Result/Option and current function returns same type
return makeInt()
of ekUnwrap:
let operandType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprUnwrapOperand, scope)
# Unwrap: extract Ok value or panic on Err
return makeInt()
of ekBlock:
var blockScope = newScope(scope)
var lastType = makeVoid()
for stmt in expr.exprBlock.stmts:
lastType = sema.checkStmt(stmt, blockScope)
return lastType
of ekMatch:
let subjectType = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprMatchSubject, scope)
var resultType = makeUnknown()
for arm in expr.exprMatchArms:
var armScope = newScope(scope)
sema.extractPatternBindings(arm.pattern, armScope)
let armType = sema.checkExpr(arm.body, armScope)
if resultType.isUnknown:
resultType = armType
elif armType != resultType and not armType.isUnknown:
sema.emitError(arm.body.loc, "match arm type mismatch")
return resultType
of ekSizeOf:
return makeInt()
of ekIntrinsic:
case expr.exprIntrinsic
of ikLine, ikColumn: return makeInt()
of ikFile, ikFunction, ikDate, ikTime, ikModule: return makeStr()
of ekSpawn:
discard sema.checkExpr(expr.exprSpawnCallee, scope)
for arg in expr.exprSpawnArgs:
discard sema.checkExpr(arg, scope)
return makePointer(makeVoid())
of ekAwait:
let operand = sema.checkExpr(expr.exprAwaitOperand, scope)
# await on a task handle returns *void (result pointer)
return makePointer(makeVoid())
of ekSpread:
return sema.checkExpr(expr.exprSpreadOperand, scope)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Statement type checking
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc checkStmt(sema: var Sema, stmt: Stmt, scope: Scope): Type =
if stmt == nil:
return makeVoid()
case stmt.kind
of skExpr:
return sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtExpr, scope)
of skLet:
var initType: Type = makeVoid()
if stmt.stmtLetInit != nil:
initType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtLetInit, scope)
let declaredType = if stmt.stmtLetType != nil: sema.resolveType(stmt.stmtLetType) else: initType
if stmt.stmtLetInit != nil and stmt.stmtLetType != nil and not initType.isAssignableTo(declaredType) and not (initType.kind in {TypeKind.tkUnknown, TypeKind.tkNamed, TypeKind.tkTypeParam}):
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, &"cannot assign {initType.toString} to {declaredType.toString}")
if stmt.stmtLetInit == nil and stmt.stmtLetType == nil:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "variable must have either type annotation or initializer")
let sym = Symbol(kind: skVar, name: stmt.stmtLetName, typ: declaredType,
isMutable: stmt.stmtLetMut)
if not scope.define(sym):
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, &"duplicate variable '{stmt.stmtLetName}'")
return makeVoid()
of skIf:
let condType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtIfCond, scope)
if not condType.isBool:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "if condition must be bool")
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtIfThen.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtIfThen.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtIfThen)), scope)
for elifBranch in stmt.stmtIfElseIfs:
let elifCond = sema.checkExpr(elifBranch.cond, scope)
if not elifCond.isBool:
sema.emitError(elifBranch.cond.loc, "else-if condition must be bool")
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: elifBranch.blk.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: elifBranch.blk.loc, exprBlock: elifBranch.blk)), scope)
if stmt.stmtIfElse != nil:
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtIfElse.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtIfElse.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtIfElse)), scope)
return makeVoid()
of skWhile:
let condType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtWhileCond, scope)
if not condType.isBool:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "while condition must be bool")
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtWhileBody.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtWhileBody.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtWhileBody)), scope)
return makeVoid()
of skDoWhile:
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtDoWhileBody.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtDoWhileBody.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtDoWhileBody)), scope)
let condType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtDoWhileCond, scope)
if not condType.isBool:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "do-while condition must be bool")
return makeVoid()
of skLoop:
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtLoopBody.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtLoopBody.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtLoopBody)), scope)
return makeVoid()
of skFor:
discard sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtForIter, scope)
var forScope = newScope(scope)
let iterSym = Symbol(kind: skVar, name: stmt.stmtForVar, typ: makeUnknown(), isMutable: true)
discard forScope.define(iterSym)
discard sema.checkStmt(Stmt(kind: skExpr, loc: stmt.stmtForBody.loc, stmtExpr: Expr(kind: ekBlock, loc: stmt.stmtForBody.loc, exprBlock: stmt.stmtForBody)), forScope)
return makeVoid()
of skMatch:
discard sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtMatchSubject, scope)
for arm in stmt.stmtMatchArms:
discard sema.checkExpr(arm.body, scope)
return makeVoid()
of skReturn:
if stmt.stmtReturnValue != nil:
discard sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtReturnValue, scope)
return makeVoid()
of skBreak, skContinue:
return makeVoid()
of skStaticAssert:
let condType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtStaticAssertCond, scope)
if not condType.isBool:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "static_assert condition must be bool")
let condVal = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtStaticAssertCond, initTable[string, CtValue]())
if condVal.kind == ctkBool and not condVal.boolVal:
var msg = "static assertion failed"
if stmt.stmtStaticAssertMsg != nil:
let msgVal = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtStaticAssertMsg, initTable[string, CtValue]())
if msgVal.kind == ctkString:
msg = msgVal.strVal
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, msg)
return makeVoid()
of skComptime:
discard sema.evalBlock(stmt.stmtComptimeBlock, initTable[string, CtValue]())
return makeVoid()
of skEmit:
let exprType = sema.checkExpr(stmt.stmtEmitExpr, scope)
# Try to evaluate at compile time; if it evaluates to a string, we're good
let val = sema.evalExpr(stmt.stmtEmitExpr, initTable[string, CtValue]())
if val.kind == ctkString:
stmt.stmtEmitEvaluated = val.strVal
elif not exprType.isUnknown and exprType.kind != tkStr:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "#emit requires a string expression")
return makeVoid()
of skDecl:
# Local declaration inside block
case stmt.stmtDecl.kind
of dkFunc:
sema.emitError(stmt.loc, "nested functions not yet supported")
else:
discard
return makeVoid()
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Function body checking
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc checkFunc(sema: var Sema, decl: Decl) =
if decl.declFuncBody == nil:
return
# Skip body type-checking for generic functions — their bodies contain
# type parameters that cannot be fully resolved until monomorphization.
if decl.declFuncTypeParams.len > 0:
return
let wasChecked = sema.checkedFunc
let wasAsync = sema.currentFuncIsAsync
sema.checkedFunc = "Checked" in decl.declAttrs
sema.currentFuncIsAsync = decl.declFuncIsAsync
var funcScope = newScope(sema.globalScope)
# Add type parameters to type table for resolution
var addedTypeParams: seq[string] = @[]
for tp in decl.declFuncTypeParams:
sema.typeTable[tp.name] = makeTypeParam(tp.name)
addedTypeParams.add(tp.name)
# Add parameters
for p in decl.declFuncParams:
let pType = sema.resolveType(p.ptype)
let sym = Symbol(kind: skVar, name: p.name, typ: pType, isMutable: false)
discard funcScope.define(sym)
# Check body statements
for stmt in decl.declFuncBody.stmts:
discard sema.checkStmt(stmt, funcScope)
# Clean up type parameters
for tp in addedTypeParams:
sema.typeTable.del(tp)
sema.checkedFunc = wasChecked
sema.currentFuncIsAsync = wasAsync
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Second pass: check all function bodies
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc checkBodies(sema: var Sema) =
# Bootstrap optimization: skip body checking for large modules
# Only check Main function — other functions are trusted
var funcCount = 0
for decl in sema.module.items:
if decl.kind == dkFunc: inc funcCount
if funcCount > 5000:
# Large module — only check Main
for decl in sema.module.items:
case decl.kind
of dkFunc:
if decl.declFuncName == "Main":
sema.checkFunc(decl)
else: discard
return
for decl in sema.module.items:
case decl.kind
of dkFunc:
sema.checkFunc(decl)
else:
discard
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Public API
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
proc analyze*(modu: Module): SemaResult =
var sema = Sema(module: modu, globalScope: newScope())
sema.collectGlobals()
sema.checkBodies()
result = SemaResult(diagnostics: sema.diagnostics)
proc analyzeFull*(modu: Module): tuple[result: SemaResult, sema: Sema] =
## Analyze module and return both result and full Sema context
## Use this when you need the Sema for lowering (method table, etc.)
var sema = Sema(module: modu, globalScope: newScope())
sema.collectGlobals()
sema.checkBodies()
result = (SemaResult(diagnostics: sema.diagnostics), sema)