feat: add Std::Fmt — string formatting module

- C runtime: bux_float_to_string() for float64 → String conversion
- String.bux: add String_FromFloat, extern decl for bux_float_to_string
- library/std/Fmt.bux: Fmt_Fmt1, Fmt_Fmt2, Fmt_Fmt3, Fmt_FmtInt, Fmt_FmtInt2,
  Fmt_FmtFloat, Fmt_FmtBool — positional {0}, {1}, {2} placeholders
- Refactor examples to use Fmt:
  factorial.bux, fibonacci.bux, process.bux, os_time.bux

library/std/Fmt.bux

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+module Std::Fmt {
+/* String formatting with positional placeholders {0}, {1}, {2}...
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   Fmt_Fmt1("Hello, {0}!", "World")
+ *   Fmt_FmtInt("Count: {0}", 42)
+ *   Fmt_FmtFloat("Pi: {0}", 3.14159)
+ *   Fmt_FmtBool("Active: {0}", true)
+ *   Fmt_Fmt2("Name: {0}, Age: {1}", name, String_FromInt(age))
+ */
+
+func Fmt_Fmt1(pattern: String, a: String) -> String {
+    return String_Format1(pattern, a);
+}
+
+func Fmt_Fmt2(pattern: String, a: String, b: String) -> String {
+    return String_Format2(pattern, a, b);
+}
+
+func Fmt_Fmt3(pattern: String, a: String, b: String, c: String) -> String {
+    return String_Format3(pattern, a, b, c);
+}
+
+func Fmt_FmtInt(pattern: String, n: int64) -> String {
+    return String_Format1(pattern, String_FromInt(n));
+}
+
+func Fmt_FmtInt2(pattern: String, n1: int64, n2: int64) -> String {
+    return String_Format2(pattern, String_FromInt(n1), String_FromInt(n2));
+}
+
+func Fmt_FmtFloat(pattern: String, f: float64) -> String {
+    return String_Format1(pattern, String_FromFloat(f));
+}
+
+func Fmt_FmtBool(pattern: String, b: bool) -> String {
+    if b {
+        return String_Format1(pattern, "true");
+    }
+    return String_Format1(pattern, "false");
+}
+}

library/std/String.bux

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ extern func bux_sb_free(sb: *void);
 extern func bux_str_split_count(s: String, delim: String) -> uint;
 extern func bux_str_split_part(s: String, delim: String, index: uint) -> String;
 extern func bux_str_join2(a: String, b: String, sep: String) -> String;
+extern func bux_float_to_string(f: float64) -> String;
 extern func bux_str_format(pattern: String, a0: String, a1: String, a2: String, a3: String, a4: String, a5: String, a6: String, a7: String) -> String;
 
 
@@ -178,6 +179,10 @@ func String_Replace(s: String, old: String, new: String) -> String {
     return result;
 }
 
+func String_FromFloat(f: float64) -> String {
+    return bux_float_to_string(f);
+}
+
 func String_Format1(pattern: String, a0: String) -> String {
     return bux_str_format(pattern, a0, "", "", "", "", "", "", "");
 }