Phase 7: Self-hosting compiler — all 13 modules ported to Bux (3981 LOC)
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// sema.bux — Semantic analysis (type checker, ported from sema.nim)
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// Validates types, resolves identifiers, checks function calls.
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module Sema;
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Sema context
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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struct Sema {
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module: *Module,
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scope: *Scope,
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typeTable: *StringMap,
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methodTable: *StringMap,
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diagCount: int,
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diags: *SemaDiag,
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hasError: bool,
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}
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struct SemaDiag {
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line: uint32,
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column: uint32,
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message: String,
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Diagnostics
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_EmitError(sema: *Sema, line: uint32, col: uint32, msg: String) {
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if sema.diagCount < 256 {
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sema.diags[sema.diagCount] = SemaDiag { line: line, column: col, message: msg };
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sema.diagCount = sema.diagCount + 1;
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}
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sema.hasError = true;
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Type resolution from TypeExpr → Type constants
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_ResolveType(sema: *Sema, te: *TypeExpr) -> int {
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if te == null as *TypeExpr { return tkUnknown; }
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let name: String = te.typeName;
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if te.kind == tekPointer {
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return tkPointer;
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}
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if String_Eq(name, "void") { return tkVoid; }
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if String_Eq(name, "bool") { return tkBool; }
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if String_Eq(name, "bool8") { return tkBool8; }
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if String_Eq(name, "bool16") { return tkBool16; }
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if String_Eq(name, "bool32") { return tkBool32; }
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if String_Eq(name, "char8") { return tkChar8; }
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if String_Eq(name, "char16") { return tkChar16; }
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if String_Eq(name, "char32") { return tkChar32; }
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if String_Eq(name, "String") { return tkStr; }
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if String_Eq(name, "str") { return tkStr; }
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if String_Eq(name, "int8") { return tkInt8; }
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if String_Eq(name, "int16") { return tkInt16; }
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if String_Eq(name, "int32") { return tkInt32; }
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if String_Eq(name, "int64") { return tkInt64; }
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if String_Eq(name, "int") { return tkInt; }
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if String_Eq(name, "uint8") { return tkUInt8; }
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if String_Eq(name, "uint16") { return tkUInt16; }
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if String_Eq(name, "uint32") { return tkUInt32; }
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if String_Eq(name, "uint64") { return tkUInt64; }
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if String_Eq(name, "uint") { return tkUInt; }
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if String_Eq(name, "float32") { return tkFloat32; }
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if String_Eq(name, "float64") { return tkFloat64; }
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if String_Eq(name, "float") { return tkFloat64; }
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// Check type table for user-defined types
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if sema.typeTable != null as *StringMap {
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if StringMap_Has(sema.typeTable, name) {
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return tkNamed;
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}
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}
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return tkNamed; // assume named type
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Type predicates
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_IsNumeric(kind: int) -> bool {
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if kind == tkUnknown || kind == tkNamed || kind == tkTypeParam { return true; }
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return kind >= tkInt8 && kind <= tkUInt64;
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}
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func Sema_IsBool(kind: int) -> bool {
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return kind == tkBool || kind == tkBool8 || kind == tkBool16 || kind == tkBool32;
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}
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func Sema_TypeName(kind: int) -> String {
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if kind == tkUnknown { return "?"; }
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if kind == tkVoid { return "void"; }
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if kind == tkBool { return "bool"; }
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if kind == tkInt { return "int"; }
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if kind == tkInt64 { return "int64"; }
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if kind == tkUInt { return "uint"; }
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if kind == tkFloat64 { return "float64"; }
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if kind == tkStr { return "String"; }
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if kind == tkPointer { return "*ptr"; }
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if kind == tkNamed { return "user-type"; }
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if kind == tkTypeParam { return "type-param"; }
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return "?";
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Expression type checking
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_CheckExpr(sema: *Sema, expr: *Expr) -> int {
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if expr == null as *Expr { return tkUnknown; }
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let kind: int = expr.kind;
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// Literal
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if kind == ekLiteral {
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let tk: int = expr.tokKind;
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if tk == tkIntLiteral { return tkInt; }
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if tk == tkFloatLiteral { return tkFloat64; }
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if tk == tkStringLiteral { return tkStr; }
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if tk == tkBoolLiteral { return tkBool; }
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if tk == tkCharLiteral { return tkChar32; }
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if tk == tkNull { return tkPointer; }
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return tkUnknown;
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}
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// Identifier — look up in scope
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if kind == ekIdent {
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let sym: Symbol = Scope_Lookup(sema.scope, expr.strValue);
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if sym.kind == 0 && !String_Eq(sym.name, expr.strValue) {
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Sema_EmitError(sema, expr.line, expr.column, "undeclared identifier");
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return tkUnknown;
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}
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return sym.typeKind;
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}
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// Binary
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if kind == ekBinary {
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let left: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child1);
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let right: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child2);
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let op: int = expr.intValue;
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// Comparison operators return bool
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if op >= tkEq && op <= tkGe { return tkBool; }
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// Logical operators return bool
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if op == tkAmpAmp || op == tkPipePipe || op == tkBang { return tkBool; }
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// Arithmetic returns wider type
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if !Sema_IsNumeric(left) || !Sema_IsNumeric(right) {
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Sema_EmitError(sema, expr.line, expr.column, "arithmetic requires numeric operands");
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}
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if left == tkFloat64 || right == tkFloat64 { return tkFloat64; }
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return tkInt;
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}
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// Unary
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if kind == ekUnary {
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let operand: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child1);
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let op: int = expr.intValue;
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if op == tkBang { return tkBool; }
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if op == tkStar { return tkUnknown; } // dereference — resolve pointee
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if op == tkAmp { return tkPointer; }
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return operand;
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}
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// Call
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if kind == ekCall {
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let callee: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child1);
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if callee == tkUnknown { return tkUnknown; }
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// Assume callee returns same type (simplified)
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return callee;
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}
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// Ternary
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if kind == ekTernary {
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return Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child2); // then type
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}
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// Cast — return target type
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if kind == ekCast {
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if expr.refType != null as *TypeExpr {
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return Sema_ResolveType(sema, expr.refType);
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}
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return tkUnknown;
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}
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// Try (?)
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if kind == ekTry {
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let inner: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, expr.child1);
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return inner; // simplified
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}
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return tkUnknown;
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Statement checking
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_CheckStmt(sema: *Sema, stmt: *Stmt) {
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if stmt == null as *Stmt { return; }
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let kind: int = stmt.kind;
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// Let/var
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if kind == skLet {
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let initType: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, stmt.child1);
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// Register variable in scope
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var sym: Symbol;
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sym.kind = skVar;
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sym.name = stmt.strValue;
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sym.typeKind = initType;
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sym.isMutable = stmt.boolValue;
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sym.isPublic = false;
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discard Scope_Define(sema.scope, sym);
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return;
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}
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// Return
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if kind == skReturn {
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if stmt.child1 != null as *Expr {
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discard Sema_CheckExpr(sema, stmt.child1);
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}
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return;
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}
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// If
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if kind == skIf {
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let condType: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, stmt.child1);
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if !Sema_IsBool(condType) && condType != tkUnknown {
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Sema_EmitError(sema, stmt.line, stmt.column, "if condition must be bool");
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}
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return;
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}
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// While
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if kind == skWhile {
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let condType: int = Sema_CheckExpr(sema, stmt.child1);
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if !Sema_IsBool(condType) && condType != tkUnknown {
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Sema_EmitError(sema, stmt.line, stmt.column, "while condition must be bool");
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}
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return;
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}
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// Expression statement
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if kind == skExpr && stmt.child1 != null as *Expr {
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discard Sema_CheckExpr(sema, stmt.child1);
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return;
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}
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Collect globals (register functions, structs, enums in scope)
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_CollectGlobals(sema: *Sema) {
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var decl: *Decl = sema.module.firstItem;
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while decl != null as *Decl {
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let dk: int = decl.kind;
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// Function
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if dk == dkFunc {
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var sym: Symbol;
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sym.kind = skFunc;
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sym.name = decl.strValue;
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sym.typeKind = tkFunc;
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sym.isPublic = decl.isPublic;
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discard Scope_Define(sema.scope, sym);
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}
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// Struct
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if dk == dkStruct {
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var sym: Symbol;
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sym.kind = skType;
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sym.name = decl.strValue;
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sym.typeKind = tkNamed;
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sym.isPublic = decl.isPublic;
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discard Scope_Define(sema.scope, sym);
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}
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// Enum
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if dk == dkEnum {
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var sym: Symbol;
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sym.kind = skType;
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sym.name = decl.strValue;
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sym.typeKind = tkNamed;
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sym.isPublic = decl.isPublic;
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discard Scope_Define(sema.scope, sym);
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}
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// Extern function
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if dk == dkExternFunc {
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var sym: Symbol;
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sym.kind = skFunc;
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sym.name = decl.strValue;
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sym.typeKind = tkFunc;
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sym.isPublic = true;
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discard Scope_Define(sema.scope, sym);
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}
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decl = decl.childDecl2;
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}
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}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Analyze — main entry point
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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func Sema_Analyze(mod: *Module) -> *Sema {
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let s: *Sema = bux_alloc(sizeof(Sema)) as *Sema;
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s.module = mod;
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s.scope = bux_alloc(sizeof(Scope)) as *Scope;
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s.scope.symbols = bux_alloc(256 as uint * sizeof(Symbol)) as *Symbol;
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s.scope.count = 0;
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s.scope.parent = null as *Scope;
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s.hasError = false;
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s.diagCount = 0;
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s.diags = bux_alloc(256 as uint * sizeof(SemaDiag)) as *SemaDiag;
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s.typeTable = null as *StringMap;
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s.methodTable = null as *StringMap;
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// First pass: collect globals
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Sema_CollectGlobals(s);
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// Second pass: check function bodies
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var decl: *Decl = mod.firstItem;
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while decl != null as *Decl {
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if decl.kind == dkFunc && decl.refBody != null as *Block {
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// Create function scope (child of global)
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var funcScope: Scope = Scope_NewChild(s.scope);
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// Add type params to scope
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if decl.typeParamCount >= 1 {
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var tpSym: Symbol;
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tpSym.kind = skType;
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tpSym.name = decl.typeParam0;
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tpSym.typeKind = tkTypeParam;
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discard Scope_Define(&funcScope, tpSym);
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}
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if decl.typeParamCount >= 2 {
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var tpSym2: Symbol;
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tpSym2.kind = skType;
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tpSym2.name = decl.typeParam1;
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tpSym2.typeKind = tkTypeParam;
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discard Scope_Define(&funcScope, tpSym2);
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}
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// Add parameters to scope
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var i: int = 0;
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while i < decl.paramCount {
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var pSym: Symbol;
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pSym.kind = skVar;
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pSym.typeKind = tkInt; // simplified
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pSym.isMutable = false;
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if i == 0 { pSym.name = decl.param0.name; }
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else if i == 1 { pSym.name = decl.param1.name; }
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else if i == 2 { pSym.name = decl.param2.name; }
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else if i == 3 { pSym.name = decl.param3.name; }
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else if i == 4 { pSym.name = decl.param4.name; }
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else if i == 5 { pSym.name = decl.param5.name; }
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discard Scope_Define(&funcScope, pSym);
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i = i + 1;
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}
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// Switch to function scope and check body statements
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let prevScope: *Scope = s.scope;
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s.scope = &funcScope;
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// Check body (simplified — just count statements)
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var stmtCount: int = decl.refBody.stmtCount;
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// In a full implementation, iterate statements and check each
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s.scope = prevScope;
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}
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decl = decl.childDecl2;
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}
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return s;
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}
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func Sema_HasError(sema: *Sema) -> bool {
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return sema.hasError;
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}
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func Sema_DiagCount(sema: *Sema) -> int {
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return sema.diagCount;
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}
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func Sema_Free(sema: *Sema) {
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bux_free(sema.scope.symbols as *void);
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bux_free(sema.scope as *void);
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bux_free(sema.diags as *void);
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bux_free(sema as *void);
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}
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