feat: async/await/spawn + fix else-if lowering bug

Self-hosted compiler (buxc2):
- Add async/await/spawn tokens, parsing, HIR, lowering, C emission
- Fix pointer type emission (*T -> T*) in C backend
- Fix sizeof(Type) parsing with parentheses
- Fix import ::{...} infinite loop guard
- Fix int64 emission by avoiding else-if chain workaround
- Add debug-free cli and hir_lower

Bootstrap compiler (Nim):
- Fix critical else-if lowering bug in hir_lower.nim:
  when both elseIfs and else block exist, elseIfs were dropped
  causing all else-if chains to collapse to if+else only

Runtime:
- Fix bux_async_await memory corruption (don't free in run)
- Add bux_remove_from_ready for safe cleanup
- Fix forward declaration and deduplicate bux_now_ms

Docs & examples:
- Update async.bux example with proper int64 params
- Update README, LanguageRef, Stdlib, PLAN for async features
- Mark Phase 7.10 bootstrap loop as completed

All 27 examples pass. buxc2 check/build work on all examples.
This commit is contained in:
2026-06-01 02:57:46 +03:00
parent 42041dfd74
commit 21f8b2e85a
24 changed files with 448 additions and 110 deletions
+63 -1
View File
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ This document describes the Bux programming language as implemented by the boots
10. [Generics](#generics)
11. [Error Handling](#error-handling)
12. [Modules and Imports](#modules-and-imports)
13. [Operators](#operators)
13. [Async/Await](#asyncawait)
14. [Operators](#operators)
---
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ Identifiers start with a letter or underscore, followed by letters, digits, or u
func, let, var, const, type, struct, enum, union, interface, extend
module, import, pub, extern, if, else, while, do, loop, for, in
break, continue, return, match, as, is, null, self, super, sizeof
async, await, spawn
```
### String Literals
@@ -499,6 +501,66 @@ func PrivateFunc() -> int {
---
## Async/Await
Bux supports stackful coroutines via `async`/`await` with a round-robin scheduler.
### Declaring Async Functions
```bux
async func Compute() -> int {
PrintLine("step 1");
bux_async_yield();
PrintLine("step 2");
return 42;
}
```
### Spawning Tasks
```bux
let handle = spawn Compute();
```
### Awaiting Results
```bux
let result: int = handle.await as int;
```
### Full Example
```bux
import Std::Io::{PrintLine, PrintInt};
async func Compute() -> int {
PrintLine("Compute: start");
bux_async_yield();
PrintLine("Compute: done");
return 42;
}
func Main() -> int {
let h = spawn Compute();
let r: int = h.await as int;
PrintInt(r);
return 0;
}
```
### Runtime Functions
| Function | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `bux_async_yield()` | Yield control to the scheduler |
| `bux_async_spawn(fn)` | Create a new coroutine from a function |
| `bux_async_await(handle)` | Block until coroutine completes, return result |
| `bux_async_run()` | Run the scheduler (called implicitly from main) |
| `bux_async_sleep(ms)` | Sleep for `ms` milliseconds (non-blocking) |
| `bux_async_return(value, size)` | Copy return value into task result buffer |
---
## Operators
### Arithmetic